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1 Genome Informatics and Analysis
2 Virology and Vaccine Systems
3 Ion Channel Section
4 Molecular Recognition
5 Molecular Genetics, Glaxo Wellcome Research and Development, Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, Hertfordshire SG1 2NY
6 Peripheral Neuropathy Unit, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 OHN, United Kingdom
7 Neural Plasticity Research Group, Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129
Remarkable progress has been made recently in identifying a new gene family related to the capsaicin (vanilloid) receptor, VR1. Using a combination of in silico analysis of expressed sequence tag (EST) databases and conventional molecular cloning, we have isolated a novel vanilloid-like receptor, which we call VRL-2, from human kidney. The translated gene shares 46% and 43% identity with VR1 and VRL-1, respectively, and maps to chromosome 12q23–24.1, a locus associated with bipolar affective disorder. VRL-2 mRNA was most strongly expressed in the trachea, kidney, and salivary gland. An affinity-purified antibody against a peptide incorporating the COOH terminal of the receptor localized VRL-2 immunolabel in the distal tubules of the kidney, the epithelial linings of both trachea and lung airways, serous cells of submucosal glands, and mononuclear cells. Unlike VR1 and VRL-1, VRL-2 was not detected in cell bodies of dorsal root ganglia (DRG) or sensory nerve fibers. However, VRL-2 was found on sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve fibers, such as those innervating the arrector pili smooth muscle in skin, sweat glands, intestine, and blood vessels. At least four vanilloid receptor-like genes exist, the newest member, VRL-2 is found in airway and kidney epithelia and in the autonomic nervous system.
dorsal root ganglia; capsaicin; autonomic nervous system; expressed sequence tag
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